詞形變化( Word Form )應(yīng)試技巧

1.熟練掌握動(dòng)詞詞形變化規(guī)律。注意：動(dòng)詞形式既包括謂語動(dòng)詞的各種形式，如時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及語氣(直陳、虛擬)等，虛擬語氣為重點(diǎn)，幾年來的考題中都有這方面內(nèi)容;也包括非謂語動(dòng)詞的各種形式。所以做動(dòng)詞的詞形變化時(shí)，首先要搞清楚它在句中是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞，然后再作相應(yīng)的變化。

2.認(rèn)真學(xué)好并熟悉課文。本題所選用的句子是根據(jù)教材中出現(xiàn)的句子編寫的，其中多數(shù)來自課文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。

3.認(rèn)真鉆研相關(guān)的語法講解。主要指謂語動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、虛擬語氣\形容詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)，等部分。

動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞是考試的重點(diǎn)。主要包括：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞。

1)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)：重點(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)、完成時(shí)。

So far， Irving ______(live) in New York City for ten years. has lived

Many a writer of newspaper articles_______(trun) to writing novels during the past decade. has turned

Some people think relations between people _______(deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible . have deteriorated

Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______(happen) to her.

had happened

In the past two decades， research _____(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dreams . has expanded

2)動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)：主要掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)式。

The nations that _______actively ________(involve) in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， Russia， and the United States. are involved

There __________(estimate) to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Brtain in 1995. were estimated

3)動(dòng)詞的語氣：

A.掌握非真實(shí)條件句中，謂語動(dòng)詞在主句和條件句中的虛擬語氣形式。

If you had come earlier， you ______ (not miss) the first act of the play.

would not have missed

If it hadn‘t been for your help， we _____(be) in real trouble.

would have been

B.在表示建議、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“緊迫性”等含義的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣，由“動(dòng)詞原形”或“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。 should 常常省略

I would recommend that you _______(think) about doing something similar for yourself. (should) think

It was imperative that students ______(finish) their papers before July 1st.

(should) finish

C.動(dòng)詞wish 、would rather (sooner)、if only、as if 后的虛擬語氣。

I would rather he _____(buy) the house next year.

bought ( 表示從句中動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)

She treats me as if I ______ (be) a stranger. were

The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____( meet) them before.

had met

If only we ______(have) a phone! I‘m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.

D.in case ， for fear that ， lest 等詞后從句的謂語動(dòng)詞為(should) + 原形。

He took his umbrella with him lest it _______ (rain.)

(should) rain

E.在It is (high) time that 從句中謂語動(dòng)詞一般用過去時(shí)動(dòng)詞。

It‘s high time that we _______(take) firm measures to protect our environment. took

F.時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)表示的時(shí)間調(diào)整。

如果我們早動(dòng)身，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在雨中走了。

If we had set out earlier，we wouldn‘t be walking in the rain.

(從句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，主句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在。)

4)動(dòng)詞的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式：

A.動(dòng)詞不定式：主要考查動(dòng)詞不定式作定語、賓語、賓語或主語補(bǔ)足語等的用法。還要注意動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式與完成式。

不定式作定語：If there is no choice， there is no decision ______(make) to be made

不定式作賓語： Robots ， already taking over human tasks in the automotive field， are beginning ________(see) . to be seen

不定式作賓補(bǔ) I notice him _______( leave ) the classroom. leave (可省略to)

不定式作主補(bǔ)：They were often compelled ______(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.

to work( 不可省略to)

We make them (to) work day and night. 不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語，在有些動(dòng)詞后可以省略TO

They are made to work day and night. 不定式作主語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，不可省略TO

B.分詞：主要考查分詞作定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。注意現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別。 另外，還有現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式與完成式的形式。