2013年自考英語（二）復習：重點句型分析1

更新時間：2013-03-09 10:18:58 來源：|0

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摘要 2013年自考英語（二）復習：重點句型分析1

1. A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.(p1)
　　譯：決策就是從幾種可以選擇的做法中作出選擇。
　　分析：該句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。made from among alternative courses of action that are available是過去分詞短語做定語修飾a choice; 其中that are available是定語從句修飾courses of action.
　　像這樣一環(huán)修飾一環(huán)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)在英文中很普遍，因此為了看懂句子大家必須學會分析。這是整個英語學習過程中很重要的能力！

2. The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of accomplishing them. (p1)
　　譯：做出決策的原因是因為存在問題，目標或目的有錯誤，或者有某種東西防礙著它們的實現(xiàn)。
　　分析：該句又是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。That引導三個并列的表語從句，①a problem exists，②goals or objectives are wrong；③something is standing in the way of accomplishing them。短語：make a decision:做出決策；stand in the way: 阻擋、防礙

3. Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance, but since uncertainty is always there, risk accompanies decisions.
　　譯：通常管理者必須對未來的情況做出最佳預測，從而使偶然性盡可能少地發(fā)生，但因為不確定性總是存在，所以決策常伴隨著風險。
　　分析：前半句是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。what the future will be是at的賓語；as little as possible做leave的賓語；since引導原因狀語從句，相當于because.

4. If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.
　　譯：如果沒有選擇，就不會有決策。
　　分析：這是一句很簡單的條件狀語從句，但它有一個很重要的考點：to be made。這是動詞不定式做定語修飾decision，有將來意味。比如：The last question to be discussed today is how to divide the work among ourselves.

5. For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like.
　　譯：對于管理者而言，每次決策都受到政策、程序、法律以及慣例等因素制約。
　　分析：這句話的考點是based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the like。同樣是過去分詞短語做定語修飾constraints。其中詞組：base…on以…為基礎(chǔ)。如：The film is based on s short story by Jack London.

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